: Social media has eluded regulation by taking refuge in the First Amendment. The First Amendment, scholars and lawmakers overwhelmingly argue, is a formidable obstacle to regulation because social media facilitates the creation and exchange of speech by users. The received wisdom, therefore, characterizes users as consumers of a speech-related service, which inevitably does raise
: This Article traces the intellectual history of copyright law’s fair use doctrine at the Supreme Court from its first encounter with fair use to its landmark decision slightly more than three decades ago in Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc. Campbell provided courts with a coherent, user-centered theory for applying the four statutory fair use