[{"url":"https://verfassungsblog.de/the-currently-uneven-intelligence-of-ai-in-comparative-constitutional-law/","titre":"The (Currently) Uneven Intelligence of AI in Comparative Constitutional Law","pubDate":"Thu, 15 Oct 2026 08:26:22 +0200","source":"Scoop.it - Documentation juridique (Stéphan Cottin)","description":"This article belongs to the debate » Thinking Machines, Thinking Lawyers14 October 2026The (Currently) Uneven Intelligence of AI in Comparative Constitutional Law From Years of Research to a Single Prompt? Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to accelerate and improve the quality of research. This potential has inspired numerous projects exploring how AI could help scholarship on constitutional law. For example, there is research using AI to interpret constitutions,1) apply constitutional principles,2) and predict court rulings.3) Even the question of whether AI could improve the process of constitution-making has been studied.4) AI’s potential is particularly significant for comparative constitutional research. Systematically comparing legal systems requires locating sources from different jurisdictions, which are often difficult to access and only available in local languages. The creation of comparative legal datasets has thus involved considerable personnel, time, and financial resources. AI can overcome many of these obstacles. AI models can search for and translate foreign-language sources, filter them, and convert the filtered information into a dataset. In doing so, AI offers the prospect of datasets — which previously required years of research and the efforts of numerous experts and research assistants to compile — being just a prompt away. However, whether AI models can generate comparative law datasets that are qualitatively comparable to human-coded datasets has not yet been addressed (although Guha et al provide an example for a broader legal benchmarking exercise).5) We therefore conducted our own benchmarking study.6) We found evidence suggesting that recent AI models may be able to code simple factual data, but they are likely unreliable substitutes for expert human coders when conceptual or interpretive judgment is required. The Benchmarking Project: Seven Coding Tasks, Four Datasets, Two LLMs In our project, we tested the ability of two large language models (LLMs) to code different types of information relevant to comparative constitutional law. We specifically assessed whether LLMs can reproduce information from four existing comparative constitutional law datasets, all of which were compiled through human coding and which served as a ‘ground truth’ for our exercise. From these datasets, we asked the LLMs to code seven variables, which can be thought of as seven tasks relevant to the creation of comparative constitutional law datasets. Each of these tasks is either a test of fact-finding or reasoning abilities. First, from the Executive Term Limit Evasion Dataset,7) we drew information on whether presidents in 106 presidential systems have evaded constitutionally mandated term limits between 2000 and 2019. The dataset includes one variable on whether presidents attempt to overstay past the end of their term. The second variable captures what strategies executives use for doing so, such as amending the constitution, replacing it with a new one, or asking the court to interpret term limits out of the constitution. While determining whether a president overstayed is a fact-finding task, assessing the strategy used to do so requires reasoning. Second, from the Comparative Constitution Making Dataset,8) we drew information on the process by which constitutions were adopted in democracies between 1900 and 2015. This dataset also includes fact-finding variables such as (1) whether citizens were involved in the formulation, discussion, or submission of reform proposals, and (2) whether citizens participated in popular referendums at any stage in the process. The dataset’s most important variable (3) captures whether constitutions reflect ‘plural elite agreement,’ that is, whether all relevant elite factions in society were involved and represented during the process. The recreation of this variable requires reasoning. Third, from the Characteristics of National Constitutions Dataset9), we drew on its coding of 43 first-generation constitutional","id":3218421},{"source":"Federal Trade Commission Concurrence communiqués","description":"Federal Trade Commission Chairman Andrew N. Ferguson has appointed Emma Mittelstaedt Burnham as Associate Director for Healthcare in the Bureau of Competition. “I am delighted to appoint Emma as Associate Director for Healthcare in the Bureau of Competition. She is a talented attorney with many years of experience at the Department of Justice as a senior antitrust enforcer,” said FTC Chairman Andrew N. Ferguson. “Emma will be an invaluable champion in the FTC’s ongoing fight to protect Americans’ access to affordable, high-quality healthcare.” Emma has significant experience leading the investigation and prosecution of complex antitrust conduct cases, having spent 11 years as a prosecutor at the U.S. Department of Justice Antitrust Division. Most recently, she served as the Director of Criminal Enforcement, supervising the Antitrust Division’s price-fixing matters throughout the United States. She previously held the positions of Trial Attorney, Counsel to the Assistant Attorney General, Assistant Chief, and Acting Chief. Her prior work as a senior DOJ antitrust official included prosecuting antitrust violations in the healthcare sector. She led the Antitrust Division’s investigation into antitrust cartels in the generic pharmaceutical industry, which resulted in significant corporate prosecutions including the largest criminal penalties ever imposed for domestic cartel offenses and the first use of divestiture in a criminal settlement. Before joining the DOJ Antitrust Division, Emma was a criminal defense associate at law firms in Washington, DC, and Los Angeles. She graduated with honors from the University of Chicago Law School and Georgetown University and clerked for the Honorable Robert W. Gettleman in the Northern District of","id":2362099,"url":"https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/2025/09/federal-trade-commission-chairman-andrew-n-ferguson-appoints-emma-mittelstaedt-burnham-associate","titre":"Federal Trade Commission Chairman Andrew N. Ferguson Appoints Emma Mittelstaedt Burnham as Associate Director for Healthcare","pubDate":"Wed, 10 Sep 2025 09:48:50 +0200"},{"titre":"Revolutionizing Data Management: The Game-Changing Platform Promising Billions in Savings","url":"https://businesstoday.news/revolutionizing-data-management-the-game-changing-platform-promising-billions-in-savings/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=revolutionizing-data-management-the-game-changing-platform-promising-billions-in-savings","pubDate":"Tue, 09 Apr 2024 10:37:17 +0200","description":"Key Takeaways: Unveiling the Data Quality Conundrum The Cost of Data Disarray In an age where data drives decisions, the quality of this data has become a critical concern for businesses globally. Inaccuracies in data can lead to erroneous decision-making and financial losses, with the collective annual cost reaching into the trillions. LiTech’s Mission to Mend Estonian startup LiTech, having secured significant funding, is stepping up to address this pervasive issue with its innovative Cloud-based SaaS platform aimed at enhancing data quality management across various industries. LiTech’s SaaS Platform: A Closer Look Democratizing Data Quality Management LiTech’s Cloud platform is The post Revolutionizing Data Management: The Game-Changing Platform Promising Billions in Savings appeared first on Business Today","id":1237676,"source":"Business Today"},{"description":"Key Takeaways: Exploring New Frontiers: One United Properties Ventures into Affordable Premium Housing In a groundbreaking move, One United Properties S.A., a prominent player in the real estate sector, has announced its foray into the affordable premium housing segment with the acquisition of a strategic land parcel in Bucharest. This strategic initiative marks a significant expansion of the company’s portfolio and underscores its commitment to addressing evolving market needs while upholding its reputation for excellence in design and quality. Setting a New Standard: Affordable Premium Housing Development The newly acquired land, spanning 21 hectares and strategically located near key amenities The post Breaking News: Major Real Estate Player Ventures into Affordable Premium Housing Segment appeared first on Business Today","id":1228906,"source":"Business Today","url":"https://businesstoday.news/breaking-news-major-real-estate-player-ventures-into-affordable-premium-housing-segment/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=breaking-news-major-real-estate-player-ventures-into-affordable-premium-housing-segment","titre":"Breaking News: Major Real Estate Player Ventures into Affordable Premium Housing Segment","pubDate":"Thu, 04 Apr 2024 16:35:48 +0200"}]